Read Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age By Arthur Herman
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Ebook About In this fascinating and meticulously researched book, bestselling historian Arthur Herman sheds new light on two of the most universally recognizable icons of the twentieth century, and reveals how their forty-year rivalry sealed the fate of India and the British Empire.They were born worlds apart: Winston Churchill to Britain’s most glamorous aristocratic family, Mohandas Gandhi to a pious middle-class household in a provincial town in India. Yet Arthur Herman reveals how their lives and careers became intertwined as the twentieth century unfolded. Both men would go on to lead their nations through harrowing trials and two world wars—and become locked in a fierce contest of wills that would decide the fate of countries, continents, and ultimately an empire. Gandhi & Churchill reveals how both men were more alike than different, and yet became bitter enemies over the future of India, a land of 250 million people with 147 languages and dialects and 15 distinct religions—the jewel in the crown of Britain’s overseas empire for 200 years.Over the course of a long career, Churchill would do whatever was necessary to ensure that India remain British—including a fateful redrawing of the entire map of the Middle East and even risking his alliance with the United States during World War Two.Mohandas Gandhi, by contrast, would dedicate his life to India’s liberation, defy death and imprisonment, and create an entirely new kind of political movement: satyagraha, or civil disobedience. His campaigns of nonviolence in defiance of Churchill and the British, including his famous Salt March, would become the blueprint not only for the independence of India but for the civil rights movement in the U.S. and struggles for freedom across the world.Now master storyteller Arthur Herman cuts through the legends and myths about these two powerful, charismatic figures and reveals their flaws as well as their strengths. The result is a sweeping epic of empire and insurrection, war and political intrigue, with a fascinating supporting cast, including General Kitchener, Rabindranath Tagore, Franklin Roosevelt, Lord Mountbatten, and Mohammed Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. It is also a brilliant narrative parable of two men whose great successes were always haunted by personal failure, and whose final moments of triumph were overshadowed by the loss of what they held most dear.Book Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Review :
This updated and exciting account of these two men traces them from their births (humble and aristocratic) to their deaths, explained in 31 chapters of a chronology of successive years, going back and forth between each specific time period and each man’s activities and statements during those time periods. More importantly, the author meticulously ties in the wider historical events that confronted the actors during each time period. The story covers Gandhi & Churchill’s early years in India (after Gandhi was born in Gujarat, Churchill had spent about three years in his early twenties with the British Army in Poona, Bangalore and Afghanistan), in England (Gandhi’s studies and New Age friends compared with Churchill’s up and down career), in South Africa (their simultaneous participation in the Boer War) and in India (with the non-violence - and violence that led to Freedom at Midnight). The book is especially significant in describing in footnoted detail the politics within their respective countries through the turbulence of two world wars affecting all of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. This history contains fascinating details, with so many facts I did not know about either man, or how the wider history of various events were tied together during that period.Although this book does not explicitly state Churchill’s hidden “Great Game” strategy for Partition that was revealed in the recent film Viceroy House (to deny the Soviet Union a path to the sea), Arthur Herman does say that Churchill at least in 1946 had established a secret communication channel with Jinnah encouraging a separate Pakistan.The book leaves it to the reader to evaluate the long-term significance of results of Gandhi and Churchill’s actions. Herman concludes with, “Taken together their story is an inspiring tribute to the power of human beings to shape their own destiny, and a warning of the dangers of self-delusion and pride. Their story is the great untold parable of the twentieth century.”I recommend this book, especially as an historical update to what we knew earlier, and to what we still don’t know or accept about human nature.July 2018, henryinflorida@gmail.com “Two men, born five years and four thousand miles apart, meet once when both are unknown. Then they go their separate ways and become two of the most revered figures of the twentieth century. From time to time they pass each other as they pass through history, each bent on his own course. Otherwise they find very different destinies. One saves his country and secures victory in the greatest war the world has ever known. The other cajoles a mighty nation into giving up its most prestigious possession and founds the most populous democracy on earth.’’This from concluding chapter. And highlights Herman’s technique, contrasting each man with the other. Switches back and forth, gradually drawing a developing portrait. We see the young man growing old and then the funeral. Well done.Herman has courage of his convictions. For example . . .“The world refused to be reshaped in either Churchill’s or Gandhi’s image. It was an outcome that at first bewildered, then enraged, and finally overwhelmed them both. That was their tragedy, to set beside their triumph. The world remained obdurate in the face of their personal crusades to change it. History stayed on its steady oblivious course, despite their efforts to propel it toward horizons where it preferred not to go: in Gandhi’s case, to a world without violence or exploitation, in Churchill’s, to a British Empire blossoming into a robust union of English-speaking peoples.’’And this outcome is clearly seen by the story. Both men really come to life!What happened?“Both men had left an imperishable mark on their age and a lasting legacy for coming generations. They had fought each other for the sake not only of an empire but of the future of humanity. In their forty-year rivalry, both men tasted glorious triumph and humiliating defeat. They inspired millions of devoted followers and alienated millions more. Taken together, their story is an inspiring tribute to the power of human beings to shape their own destiny, and a warning of the dangers of self-delusion and pride.’’Fascinating drama!“Their story is the great untold parable of the twentieth century.’’ I agree.I include the ‘table of contents’, demonstrating the detailed panorama.Map PrologueONE The Churchills and the RajTWO Lord Randolph Takes ChargeTHREE: Illusions of Power: The Gandhis, India, and British RuleFOUR: Awakening: Gandhi in London and South Africa, 1888–1895FIVE: Awakening II: Churchill in India, 1896–1899SIX: Men at War, 1899–1900SEVEN: Converging Paths, 1900–1906Photo Insert IEIGHT: Brief Encounter, 1906–1909NINE: Break Point, 1909–1910TEN: Parting of the Ways, 1911–1914ELEVEN: A Bridgehead Too Far, 1914–1915TWELVE: Gandhi’s War, 1915–1918THIRTEEN: Bloodshed, 1919–1920FOURTEEN: Noncooperation, 1920–1922FIFTEEN: Reversal of Fortunes, 1922–1929SIXTEEN: Eve of Battle, 1929SEVENTEEN: Salt, 1930EIGHTEEN: Round Tables and Naked Fakirs, 1930–1931NINETEEN: Contra Mundum, 1931–1932Photo Insert IITWENTY: Last Ditch, 1932–1935TWENTY-ONE: Against the Current, 1936–1938TWENTY-TWO: Edge of Darkness, 1938–1939TWENTY-THREE: Collision Course, 1939–1940TWENTY-FOUR: From Narvik to Bardoli, April 1940–December 1941TWENTY-FIVE: Debacle, 1941–1942TWENTY-SIX: Quit India, 1942TWENTY-SEVEN: Showdown, 1943TWENTY-EIGHT: Triumph and Tragedy, 1943–1945TWENTY-NINE: Walk Alone, 1945–1947Photo Insert IIITHIRTY: Death in the Garden, 1947–1948THIRTY-ONE: Lion in Twilight, 1948–1965Few examples of Herman’s insights . . .“Gandhi admitted he was strongly drawn to Christianity, especially to the figure of Jesus Christ. The principles of turning the other cheek and doing unto others as you would have them do unto you, Gandhi confessed later, “went straight to my heart.”What happened?“But this attraction was tempered by his encounters with organized Christianity. His run-ins with missionaries and their zealous push to convert him to their message left him unmoved, no less than Madame Blavatsky’s séances. Still, the sense that believing Christians had unlocked a door that was still closed to him, and that they found a peace and inner strength he still lacked, haunted him.’’Revealing indeed.Churchill . . .“From Macaulay and history he turned to Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations, Henry Hallam’s Constitutional History, William Lecky’s Rise and Influence of Rationalism, and Schopenhauer, Plato, Darwin, and Pascal. (“I read three or four books at a time to avoid tedium,” he told his astonished family, who had never seen him read even a single book.) Then he picked up a volume that had been recommended by his commanding officer: Winwood Reade’s The Martyrdom of Man. Its impact, as he remembered later, was intense. Reade’s theme reinforced the lessons from Macaulay: history as the story of the triumph of modern progress and science over primitive cruelty and superstition.’’This not only reveals Churchill, but, the change in nineteenth century thought.What else?“The book made an indelible impression on the young Churchill. (Another fan was the young H. G. Wells.) He was also struck by Martyrdom of Man’s devastating critique of Christianity and of religious faith as reflections of man’s most backward tendencies. Reade’s unabashed atheism left Winston, by his own admission, with “a predominantly secular view” of life and human nature that lasted until his death. More than half a century later he would querulously ask his doctor how any trained physician could possibly believe in an afterlife. Reade’s bleak picture of the individual as helpless and alone in the universe, an “infant crying in the night,” however, was balanced by his optimistic image of man’s progress and civilization thanks to the power of science.’’This worship of ‘science’ hasn’t justified the optimism they had. Churchill battled terrible depression entire life.How has India and England developed?“Meanwhile military coups and the rise of anti-Western Islamic fanaticism would punctuate the sad history of Pakistan. It would fight two more savage wars with its larger rival for control of Kashmir. At one point in 1999 Pakistan and India even approached a nuclear showdown. And today, thanks to al-Qaeda, the old Northwest Frontier, or Waziristan, is as dangerous and violent a place as it was when Churchill first served there 110 years ago.’’As Herman documents, this was exactly why Churchill opposed Indian independence.“All this may have fulfilled Churchill’s worst predictions of what would happen if the British left India. But he would have had no satisfaction at being proven right. His dream had been shattered, too. Despite his best efforts, Churchill could not restore Britain’s pride and self-confidence in the world any more than Gandhi was able to build upon India’s pre-British roots. And in striking ways, identities have been reversed.’’Reversed?“Today’s democratic, modernizing, globalizing Indians seem more like Americans, Australians, and the other “English-speaking peoples” than Churchill could ever have imagined. Bangalore, the sleepy outpost where he spent a year reading and playing polo, is today a stronghold of a thriving capitalist economy, while Indian Navy aircraft carriers and warships dominate the waters of South Asia just as Churchill’s Royal Navy once did. At the same time Gandhi’s New Age spirituality has found a more receptive home in the West than the Mahatma could ever have imagined. From the Beatles and the Hare Krishnas to vegetarianism and civil rights and peace studies, the impact of Gandhi’s image and example has been huge. Indeed, his name may be more revered today in England and America than it is in his own home country, where, as one commentator has put it, Gandhi “continues both to divide Indians and to haunt their dreams.’’Just . . . amazing!All-in-all, a marvelous work. I’ve watched the film “Gandhi’’ several times. This much more detailed, researched book adjusted various ideas. My superficial knowledge of Churchill was similarly deepened.Much closer to a compelling, interesting, dramatic novel than dull textbook.Work deserves ten stars!I listened to audible version. Great!Hundreds of simple notes (not linked)Hundreds and hundreds of references in bibliography (not linked)Overwhelming scholarship!Numerous photographsSome mapsNo index Read Online Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Download Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age PDF Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Mobi Free Reading Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Download Free Pdf Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age PDF Online Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Mobi Online Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Reading Online Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age Read Online Arthur Herman Download Arthur Herman Arthur Herman PDF Arthur Herman Mobi Free Reading Arthur Herman Download Free Pdf Arthur Herman PDF Online Arthur Herman Mobi Online Arthur Herman Reading Online Arthur HermanBest Business Communication: Process & Product By Mary Ellen Guffey
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